The Lebanese Communist Party (LCP) is one of the most influential political groups in the Arab Levant – established and rooted in an environment of cultural enlightenment imbued with a humanitarian and revivalist spirit, under the shadow of a liberal regime. This was characteristic of Lebanon in the past century. But the LCP was unique among Arab communist parties for its cultural and intellectual output, on one hand, and involvement in armed resistance, on the other. This gave it a glorious image in Lebanon and in the Arab world.